Wholesale Apparel Terminology Guide: Essential Terms Every B2B Buyer Needs to Know

Main keyword: wholesale apparel terminology guide

Quick answer: If you buy blank apparel in bulk, you need to understand MOQ, GSM, DZ, PR, AQL, landed cost, FOB, EXW, lead time, and size ratio. These are not abstract trade terms. They directly affect quote accuracy, margin, quality control, and delivery risk.

Why wholesale terminology matters

Buyers lose money when they agree to a quote without understanding the language inside it. In blank apparel, one misunderstood term can change the true cost of a shipment, the minimum quantity per color, or the inspection standard used to judge defects.

This guide focuses on the terms that appear most often in wholesale apparel sourcing and that have the biggest impact on B2B buying decisions.

Core ordering terms

MOQ
Minimum order quantity required per style, color, or order.
DZ
Dozen. One DZ equals 12 pieces.
PR
Pair. Used mainly for socks and paired accessories.
Size ratio
Predefined breakdown of sizes inside a bulk pack or dozen.

MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity)

MOQ is the smallest quantity a supplier will accept for production or supply. In blank apparel, MOQ may apply per style, per color, or per decoration setup.

Product typeTypical MOQ rangeBuyer note
Blank T-shirts50-200 pcs per colorLower MOQ is sometimes available for stock goods.
Polos50-300 pcs per colorPique and dyed programs often raise MOQ.
Hoodies100-300 pcs per colorHeavyweight or fleece styles usually need more volume.
Custom labels or packagingOften adds its own MOQAsk whether it applies per style or per order.

DZ (Dozen)

Some wholesalers still quote by the dozen. If a blank is priced at $84/DZ, the real per-piece price is $7. Always convert dozen pricing to unit pricing before comparing suppliers.

PR (Pair)

PR means pair. This term matters mostly in socks, gloves, and paired textile accessories. It is less common for core blank T-shirts or polos.

Fabric and quality terms

GSM (Grams per Square Meter)

GSM measures fabric weight. Higher GSM usually means a thicker, denser fabric, but it does not automatically mean better quality. Buyer intent matters.

GSM rangeTypical use
120-140 GSMLightweight tees, warm-climate basics
150-180 GSMStandard blank tees, balanced print surface
200-280 GSMHeavy tees, premium blanks, structured streetwear fits
300-450 GSMFleece, hoodies, heavyweight sweat programs

AQL (Acceptable Quality Level)

AQL is the inspection threshold used in bulk quality control. It helps define how many defects are acceptable in a sample inspection. Buyers do not need to memorize the math, but they do need to know whether the supplier uses an AQL standard at all.

Ring-spun, open-end, combed, and CVC

Pricing and trade terms

EXW, FOB, and landed cost

EXW means the buyer handles pickup and export-side logistics from the supplier's location. FOB usually means the seller delivers goods to the export port under the agreed terms. Landed cost is the total real cost after freight, duties, fees, and local delivery.

Comparing factory prices without landed cost is one of the most common sourcing mistakes.

Sample order vs production order

A sample order is a low-volume evaluation order used to confirm quality, fit, color, and decoration behavior. A production order is the volume order that meets MOQ and follows approved specs.

Shipping and planning terms

Lead time

Lead time is the period from confirmed order to shipment readiness. In-stock blanks may ship in a few days. Custom dyeing, labels, packaging, or special trims extend lead time materially.

Transit time

Transit time is separate from lead time. A supplier can finish production on time and still deliver late if the buyer underestimates port congestion or routing changes.

Consolidation

Consolidation combines multiple purchase lots into one outbound shipment. It can reduce freight cost per unit, but it adds coordination risk if one supplier runs late.

Commercial terms buyers should ask about

What is the MOQ per color and per style?
This avoids quote surprises after you approve a fabric or trim.
Is the quoted price EXW, FOB, or something else?
This tells you whether freight and export-side costs are included.
What GSM, blend, and size ratio does the quote assume?
A quote without these assumptions is not comparable across suppliers.
How are quality issues judged?
Ask whether the supplier uses AQL, internal tolerance, or sample approval comparison.

Need blank apparel quotes with clear specs instead of vague trade language?

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Use terminology as a decision tool, not as decoration in an email thread. Good sourcing gets easier when every quote, sample, and PO uses the same definitions.